As I have said before, the crux of the issue is that many people have an antiquated understanding of what exactly art is today.
Of course, if one wants to claim that art is about skill and beauty and a pleasurable aesthetic experience, by all means, go for it!
All I'm saying is that art—in the art world—is no longer about technical skill or beauty or pleasure.
Here are some of the most important art works of the 20th century:
Picasso
Les Demoiselles D'Avignon
1907
Duchamp
Fountain
1917
Malevich
Black Square
1915
Pollock
Autumn Rhythm (Number 30)
1950
Johns
Flag
1955
Warhol
Gold Marilyn
1962
Smith
Die
1968
Hans Haacke
MoMA Poll 1970
1970
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There ya go. Some paintings, some really large cumbersome objects that a welder made without any intervention from the artists. A large black square. A toilet. A poll. That is the big art of the 20th century. As you get closer to the turn of the century, shit starts to get less and less art-like, or rather, it stops really being objects that one could see. There is a shift to a focus on performance and installation and stuff like that.
What is important from an art historical perspective is to understand why each of these paintings came when they did and why they were so important for the time and for future art. If you want to judge a work of art by its importance or the uproar it caused, then some of these could be just as "good" as a painting by Raphael.
Note how it is quite difficult to find beauty in most of these. Note how it is quite difficult to interpret some of these. That is the point. Certain works of art eschew interpretation—that is what they do. They take the focus away from iconography and make it about the viewing experience (like Die). Some shift the focus on the art institution itself (like the Haacke piece).
What always makes me laugh when people say something like "I'm going to throw shit on a while and call it art" is that if they thought it was so easy, why aren't they doing it? Hell, they could make millions of dollars!
Art is much more complicated than that. Hell, do you wanna hear what is on the cutting edge of art this century?
There is a guy who paid homeless people to masturbate on camera and he filmed them.
There is another dude who makes no art but sells it by word of mouth only—no contracts—for millions of dollars.
There is a photographer who went to Rwanda and took thousands of pictures of the genocide that took place there but refuses to show it to anyone—that is his art.
Perhaps in 30 years, that will seem easy to us, who knows.
I know this is all falling on deaf ears. I'm doing it more because I find the stuff interesting.