do they actually not work or are they just really sticky and stuck? It's most likely just the sugar gummed up the hinges. There are no real electronics in a laptop keyboard that can be damaged by liquids - it's just a mesh with some touch sensors on it. The only time you'd have a problem would be is if the liquid was on there long enough to where it would seep down into the chassis onto the motherboard. However, if that happened, you would have a lot more problems than just a few keys not working.
what you need to do is take the keyboard off the laptop (different models do it differently, but once you get whatever is holding it on there loose (it's usually the piece of plastic right under where the screen hinges are on most newer ones), you can pull the keyboard out and disconnect the ribbon (there will be 2 plastic tabs in the socket that you gently pull with either a fingernail or a small flathead screwdriver.
Then take a dishpan or baking dish and fill it with hot (as hot as will come out of your tap) soapy (dish soap) water. Put the keybaord in there and soak it until the water isn't hot anymore (about 20-30 minutes), hitting all the keys over and over until the hinges break free. When the water cools down, replace it with more hot soapy water and do it again.
Then rinse the keyboard off and let it dry on a towel after shaking the hell out of it (to get the water free from under the keys).
Let it dry overnight and test out the keyboard to make sure all the buttons move freely. Reattach it to your laptop (with the power off and battery out) and give it a shot.
FYI - I've done this at least a 1/2 a dozen times both in a personal and professional capacity and it works every time. If you are unsure about how to remove the keyboard, post the make/model and I can point you to a tutorial or schematics that will help you.